Condenser microphones need 48volts (sometimes less) to operate, and "phantom power" supplies this.

If you don't have condenser mics, you don't need phantom power.

Conversely, if you don't have phantom power, your condenser mic won't work.

The sound of the microphone is up to you, ideally try it (set the mixer EQ flat), also take into account handling noise - the quieter the better.

Generalising (again), American mics are brighter sounding, European mics are warmer. More expensive mics have lower handling noise.

The other type is condenser (sometimes called "capacitor") microphones. These are capable of higher performance than dynamic mics., but need a power supply, can suffer from condensation on the diaphragm resulting in muffled distorted sound, and are usually more expensive. Condenser microphones are to be found in professional recording studios almost exclusively.

(There are other types of microphone, but you are not likely to come across them in this type of application)